Charms

Charms are a type of magic spell concerned with enchanting an object to behave in a way that isn’t normal for that object. For example, the Summoning Charm brings an object to the caster. Charms is also something of a catch-all for spells that aren’t Transfiguration (spells that change the inherent nature of an object). In some sense, if a spell isn’t Transfiguration, it’s probably a Charm.

References from the canon

• A Charm adds properties to an object or creature, while Transfiguration changes the object or creature into something else (Pm).
• Curses, jinxes and hexes are known as Dark Charms, and therefore not included in The Standard Book of Spells 1 by Miranda Goshawk (Pm).
• This is not to say that regular Charms are weaker magic; a well-chosen Charm is a powerful magical tool against curses, jinxes, and hexes. Professor Flitwick, the Hogwarts Charms teacher, was rumored to have once been a duelling champion, after all (CS11).
• Many of the early charms learned by young wizards can be broken easily, and wear off within hours or days (Pm).
• Creatures of a large size such as trolls have thick skin which can repel charms (Pm). This fact probably applies to giants and dragons as well.
• A Charm might cause something to flash different colors. It might cause an object to levitate or even fly through the air. Charms can make a person laugh or dance or even create a bubble of breathable air around a person's head. In all of these cases, the object or the person doesn't really change, they just do something unexpected.
• Some Charms can be extremely powerful. The Fidelius Charm, for example, can completely hide a person or a place in such a way that no one can find them unless they are given the location by a Secret Keeper (PA10). Memory Charms can be so strong that they completely remove a person's memory or even damage his or her mind permanently (CS16).

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Charms classes at Hogwarts

• First Year:
  Hallowe'en: started Wingardium Leviosa
  Exam: make a pineapple dance across the desk
• Second Year:
  During Duelling Club Snape taught the Disarming Charm
• Third Year:
  Cheering Charms
  In private lessons, Lupin taught Harry the Patronus Charm
• Fourth Year:
  Summoning Charm
  Banishing Charm
• Fifth Year
  Silencing Charms
  Create legs on teacups
  O.W.L.: Colour Change Charms, Summoning Charms
• Sixth Year
  Aguamenti

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Charms Spells

• Alohomora Charm
• Anti-Cheating Charms
• Anti-Gravity Mist
• Armour-Bewitching Charm
• Atmospheric Charm
• Banishing Charm
• Bird-Conjuring Charm
• Bond of Blood
• Braking Charm
• Bubble-Head Charm
• Caterwauling Charm
• Charm To Cure Reluctant Reversers, A
• Cheering Charm
• Colour Change Charm
• Concealment Charm
• Confundus Charm
• crop-related charms
• Cushioning Charm
• Defensive Charm
• Disarming Charm
• Disillusionment Charm
• Drought Charm
• Engorgement Charm
• Fidelius Charm
• Fixing Charm
• Flame-Freezing Charm
• Flashing Paint Charm
• Freezing Charm
• Gripping Charm
• grooming charms
• Growth Charm
• Hair-Thickening Charm
• Hardening Charm
• Homorphus Charm
• Horton-Keitch Braking Charm
• hot air charm
• Hover Charm
• Imperturbable Charm
• Invisibility Charm
• knitting charm
• Levitation Charm
• Locomotion Charms
• Memory Charm
• Mending Charm
• Muggle-Repelling Charm
• Obliteration Charm
• Patronus Charm
• Permanent Sticking Charm
• Peskipiksi Pesternomi
• Protean Charm
• Revealing Charm
• Scarpin's Revelaspell
  
• Scouring Charm
• Severing Charm
• Shield Charm
• Shrinking Charm
• Silencing Charm
• Slug-Vomiting Charm
• Softening Charm
• Stunning Spell / Stupefying Charm
• Substantive Charm
• Summoning Charm
• Supersensory Charm
• Talon-Clipping Charms (dragon care)
• Tickling Charm
• The Trace
• Unbreakable Charm
• Undetectable Extension Charm
• Unlocking Charm
• Wand-Extinguishing Charm
• Wand-Lighting Charm
• Water-Making Spell